Since CO2 as a gas at 1atm (14.6959 PSI) and 20°C have a density of 1.860g/L, at 56atm (823 PSI) the density would be 104.198g/L. Liquid CO2, at the same 56atm and 20°C have a density of 773g/L, so the expansion ratio is 7.41:1, at 0°C the ratio goes up to 8.29:1 and at -30°C, to 10.82:1! Bullseye Woody!!!
I noticed that the paintball valve have a approximately 1.2mm (0.047) orifice and two 90° internal bends, therefore it's CV is near to 0.056 gal/min @ 60F, to put in SI units, 0.00355 L/s @ 15.5°C, at lower temperatures, since turbulence tends to lower, the flow might increase slightly.
According to Catalina's Paintball tank info, an 16Oz tank have an internal volume of 0.669L, considering that there will be a pressure line and a manifold between the tank and the buffer, it is safe to assume that the total volume is going to be near 0.75L.
Hence, putting all together, at 0°C the liquid from the tank would take little more than 17s to fill a completely empty system to 56atm (823PSI). The volume of the ram is 0.223L, consequently the time to refill the CO2 used on the previous actuation would be 5.15s, a bit too slow for the purpose.
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